Living Legume Mulch as an Effective and Improved Approach in Integrated Soil Management in Intensive Organic Apple Orchards

The aim of international research project European Union “DOMINO” was to develop and examine an innovative management strategy in intensive organic fruit orchards: 1) dynamic “living mulches” the row, such as cash crops with vegetative organs sod legumes between rows for weed control; 2) fertilization by recycled soil amendments leguminous increase resource use efficiency improve ecosystem services, 3) partly closed covering net systems support non chemical pest diseases control. content NH+4 during second season – 2020 on row inter forage pea white clover variants, because sown there. data phosphorus 2021 show a clear increasing trend Golden B variety, which is clearly visible 2021. Values K2O significantly about 2–3 times meets requirements good availability. Calcium leads variant magnesium same variant. two provided trees Mg very well. highest iron Granny Smith varieties.